Delinquency: This refers to less serious crimes or offences committed by juveniles (Igbo, 2007). This was not considered a sig- About 40 percent of children in father-absent homes have not seen their father at all during the past year; 26 percent of absent fathers live in a different state than their children; and 50 percent of children living absent their father have never set foot in their father’s home.
There is hardly a day without a case of juvenile crimes being announced (Nwankwo, Nwoke, Chukwuocha, Iwuagwu, Obanny, Okereke and Nwoga, 2010). Drug abuse among juveniles is also another cankerworm that is eating deep into the fabrics of Owerri municipal .In corroborating this fact, the Imo state commander of National Drug Law Enforcement Agency(NDLEA) lamented that the youths were the most involved in illicit drug usage and dealing (Nkwopara, 2011).The consequences of this malady and other juvenile crimes such as; examination malpractice, alcoholism, forgery, rape, e.t.c in Owerri municipality include; social violence among youths, armed robbery, mental disorders, lack of respect for elders and other numerous social ills. I percent in the control group. The menace of juvenile delinquency in Owerri municipality is evident in juvenile crime statistics in Owerri municipality collated by the Police headquarters, Owerri from 2009 to 2011.Based on the data, it shows that juveniles between the ages of 14 to 17 years committed the following offences: Murder, 1 case, theft, 61 cases, assault, 55 cases, and breach of public peace, 6 cases. This ugly trend led to the establishment of judicial administrative processes by the colonial administrators to deal with juvenile delinquents (Fourchard, 2006).It is appalling that the worrisome issue of juvenile delinquency still plagues the contemporary Nigerian society in a serious dimension (Muhammed, Salami , Adekeye, Ayinla and Adeoye,2009). Determining the divorce rate requires looking into the available data on divorce.

In 2007, the law enforcement agencies in the United States of America reported 2.18 million arrests of juveniles (Alfry, 2010). The transitions in the family structure also lead to changes in the organization, monitoring and disciplining of the children. These agencies track divorce rates around the country as reported to them from state health departments. [Fulton County Georgia jail populations, Texas Department of Corrections, 1992], Fatherless boys and girls are: twice as likely to drop out of high school; twice as likely to end up in jail; four times more likely to need help for emotional or behavioral problems. [Criminal Justice & Behaviour, Vol 14, pp. Formal evaluations of these earlier fatherhood efforts have been completed making this an opportune time to step back and assess what has been learned and how to build on the early programs’ successes and challenges.While the following statistics are formidable, the Responsible Fatherhood research literature generally supports the claim that a loving and nurturing father improves outcomes for children, families and communities. To find out the extent of family instability in Owerri municipality. Teens in single mother households are at a 30% higher risk than those in two-parent households. One-fifth experienced a father in prison or jail. Cultism and cult related activities perpetrated by youths have been a source of fear and concern to the inhabitants of Owerri Municipality. Shoemaker (2010:3), defined juvenile delinquency as “illegal acts, whether criminal or status offences, which are committed by youth under the age of 18”. Father Factor in Crime – A study of 109 juvenile offenders indicated that family structure significantly predicts delinquency. “Sadly, the last Government seemed determined to undermine marriage – for example, by removing references to it from official forms.”. Conflict: This refers to disagreements/ quarrels in the family which could result in fights, violence, e.t.c. From observation, it seems that parents and care givers are not doing much in the supervision of their children in Owerri municipal because of their numerous economic and social engagements. [US D.H.H.S., Bureau of the Census], 85% of children who exhibit behavioral disorders come from fatherless homes. Hence, a family may be experiencing or showing signs of instability and still remain intact (two- parent). But Mr Duncan Smith said research indicated that the extra costs brought about by the effects of broken homes could quadruple that figure. Are broken homes a causative factor in juvenile delinquency? Children from broken homes are nine times more likely to commit crimes than those from stable families, Iain Duncan Smith, the Work and Pensions Secretary, said. I will also need to take a look at juvenile delinquency statistics to get an idea of the magnitude of this problem as well as see how these numbers have changed over time. This brief provides ten key lessons from several important early responsible fatherhood initiatives that were developed and implemented during the 1990s and early 2000s. Father Factor in Education – Fatherless children are twice as likely to drop out of school. In addition, this study will increase the knowledge base in criminology.

Per Cent No. As a result, this study aims at bridging the gap in studies on juvenile delinquency and also to investigate the relationship between family instability and juvenile delinquency in Owerri municipality.

8 percent are raising three or more of their own children under 18 years old. Separation: This refers to a form of marital disruption in which a man and a woman no longer live under the same roof as husband and wife.

Juvenile crimes witnessed in Nigeria include: drug abuse, cultism, bullying, truancy, examination malpractices, prostitution, theft (Ugwuoke, 2010; Sanni, Udoh, Okediji, Modo & Ezeh, 2010). Juvenile delinquency is an intractable problem worldwide and has been increasing phenomenally by as much as 30 percent since the 1990s (World Youth Report, cited in Sheryln, 2008). [U.S. Department of Health and Human Services press release, Friday, March 26, 1999], 63% of youth suicides are from fatherless homes. [US Department of Justice, Special Report, Sept. 1988], 85% of youths in prisons grew up in a fatherless home. Child: A child in this study is used interchangeably with the term, juvenile to refer to a young person under the age of 18 years. This, according to them is because the warmth, direction, love and protection which the parents would have provided for them are lost and then sought in anti-social behaviours such as drug abuse.

24 million children (34 percent) live absent their biological father.

Dogget (2004), has it that when there is one parent living in the home as opposed to two, it is more difficult to supervise children all the time .According to Dogget, every day activities like errands and work must be completed by the single parent, which leaves no parent in the home. In view of the foregoing issues and trends globally and locally, many researchers agree that the foundation of juvenile delinquency is rooted in the kind of home the child is brought up (Okorodudu, 2010; Igbo, 2007).

In Kenya, Muola, Ndugu and Ngesa (2009) cited in Kimani (2010) in a study of the relationship between family functions and juvenile delinquency in Nakuru municipality in Kenya found out that the incidences of juvenile delinquency have increased in recent years in Kenya. (2012). Seven out of 10 offenders come from broken homes, he said, adding that single parent families were more than twice as likely to live in poverty than those living with both parents. Recent policies encourage the development of programs designed to improve the economic status of low-income nonresident fathers and the financial and emotional support provided to their children. 13) Kevin N. Wright and Karen E. Wright, “Family Life and Delinquency and Crime: A Policymaker’s Guide to the Literature,” prepared under interagency agreement between the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention and the Bureau of Justice Assistance of the U.S. Department of … Currently, among single parents living with their children, 18 percent are men.

Inadequate parental supervision: In this study, this refers to negligence on the part of the parent(s)/guardian(s) to closely monitor their child(ren)’s activities. [Rainbows f for all God’s Children], 70% of juveniles in state operated institutions have no father. Children with Fathers who are involved are more likely to get A’s in school.

Father Factor in Incarceration – Even after controlling for income, youths in father-absent households still had significantly higher odds of incarceration than those in mother-father families. 63% of youth suicides are from fatherless homes (US Dept.

“But when government abandons policies that support families, society can pay a heavy price. However, there seems to be a controversy on the relationship between family instability and juvenile delinquency. The resultant effect is that a child may be more vulnerable to negative peer pressure and may ultimately commit delinquent acts not committed by children from stable families where there is a balanced structure of two parents who act as good role models in the child’s acquiring proper roles (Odebunmi, 2007). Seven out of 10 offenders come from broken homes, Reinstate knife and gun amnesties to take weapons off streets, says police chief advising Government, Pep Guardiola triumphs over Mikel Arteta in fascinating battle between master and apprentice, Negative rates risk ‘massive dislocation’, warns ex-Barclays exec, Police watchdog to examine Scotland Yard handling of struck-off barrister investigation, Wind of change blowing through Royal Mail as top investor gives stamp of approval for shake-up. The first type of offence is a conduct that would be a criminal law violation for an adult, such as rape, burglary, robbery, etc.

It is the opinion of the researcher that financial vulnerability may also be a source of strain to children in single-parent families. "What you learn from a very early age has a great deal to say about the person you will eventually become and the life you lead.".
The statistics of youth crime serve as an indicator for assessing the general state of morality and law and order in a country.

The hypotheses were tested with the chi-square (x2) statistic. Inadequate supervision arising from family instability seems to be associated with juvenile delinquency (Alfrey, 2010). How does inadequate parental supervision affect juvenile delinquency in Owerri Municipal? Because of this, children in single-parent homes tend to receive lower levels of supervision (Sanni et al, 2010). The questionnaire and the interview guide were used for data collection. Fourchard (2006) has also decried the increasing trend of juvenile delinquency in South Africa, attributing the upsurge to familial factors amongst contributory variables. Of Health/Census) – 5 times the average.

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